UK Student Visa Work Rules 2025: Tax, NI, and Compliance Checklist

UK Student Visa Work and Tax Rules for 2025

International students can supplement their income while studying in the UK, but must respect immigration limits and register correctly for tax and National Insurance (NI).

Working Hour Limits

Tier 4/Student Route visa holders may work up to 20 hours per week during term time for degree-level courses (10 hours for sub-degree). Full-time work is permitted during official vacation periods. Exceeding limits jeopardises visa status.

Paye and National Insurance

Provide employers with your passport, BRP, and bank details. Once you earn above the Primary Threshold (£12,584 annualised), 12% NI contributions apply; income above the personal allowance triggers PAYE deductions. HMRC typically issues a 1257L tax code—monitor payslips for accuracy.

Self-Employment and Freelancing

Self-employment is generally prohibited unless explicitly allowed by visa conditions. Stick to permitted employment categories to avoid compliance issues.

Post-Study Options

The Graduate Route allows two years of unrestricted work (three for PhDs). Transitioning to the Skilled Worker visa requires sponsorship and minimum salary thresholds—plan job searches early.

Checklist: Track hours, retain payslips, apply for NI numbers promptly, and consult your university’s immigration team before accepting new roles.